Managing technological change Free Essays

Overseeing innovative change adequately in associations, and even across whole ventures, has consistently been a test for the executives, IT experts, and business advancement pros. Innovative change inside organizations and undertakings isn't essentially an innovation issue nor is it a region of intrigued constrained to IT directors and masters alone. Mechanical change ought to be an essential worry for business supervisors. We will compose a custom exposition test on Overseeing innovative change or then again any comparative subject just for you Request Now The new ages of IT progressions can be applied to help propelled data the board which in turns can empower business change inside an association. Overseeing robotization centered ventures has become an obsolete methodology. Without a framework on overseeing innovative change adequately, the final products for associations in applying new advancements as a rule bring about out of the blue high disappointment rates (BusinessWeek Online, 2006). An answer for business and IT supervisors is to utilize the Benefits Realization strategy. All associations really have a Benefits Realization process whether they know about it or not. For most organizations, it is probably not a conventional procedure, and in that capacity, the association doesn't just think about it, however it additionally doesn't get it. At the point when an association doesn't know about the Benefits Realization set up, at that point it will in general be a latent procedure, not an oversaw one. What occurs obviously is that the procedure doesn't work quite well. Be that as it may, when the Benefits Realization process is planned and designed efficiently, it can really prompt a huge improvement in the organization’s execution (BusinessWeek Online, 2006). When all is said in done, the Benefits Realization strategy accommodates another reason for utilizing IT to convey business results all the more reliably, typically, and adequately. The methodology utilizes two interconnected components: attitudes on IT and on the executives strategies. Taken these two fields together, Benefits Realization looks to concentrate on coordinating innovation into an organization’s business framework. It sets that the utilization of only it, paying little heed to how actually amazing, can't convey viable and fruitful business results without considering and joining IT with business techniques (BusinessWeek Online, 2006). As such, for a successful Benefits Realization process, the association must try to join IT and the board capacities, and accommodate a framework that screens the whole procedure from beginning to end. F. Examination Issue The perfect Benefits Realization configuration should begin from the dispatch of the task, go past convey, and really measure the achievement and procedure improvement of the new plan, procedure, programming, or whatever innovation was acquainted with the association. The issue is that not all organizations have frameworks set up to truly quantify process improvement for Benefits Realization after fruition of the undertaking. This may happen when the association doesn't know that it has a Benefits Realization process set up in any case, or when the organization’s Benefits Realization configuration just doesn't have the apparatuses to quantify the final products of the procedure. G. Targets of the Study The examination study has the accompanying goals: ? To recognize the reasons why the presentation of innovation in benefits acknowledgment has regularly neglected to realize genuine change and advantages to the organization. ? To talk about how disappointment of most advantages acknowledgment programs are because of the absence of estimation devices in deciding the advantages from its speculations. ? To give suggestions and arrangements on the most proficient method to set up compelling advantages acknowledgment inside an association. H. Meaning of Terms The accompanying key terms, which will be utilized repetitively all through the examination, are characterized as follows: ? Advantages acknowledgment †the control of guaranteeing that business activities convey anticipated advantages (Aron, Tucker Hunter, 2005). It is â€Å"an coordinated arrangement of procedures, strategies, apparatuses, documentation measures and administration structure that stick be utilized to get the most incentive from innovation investments† (Federal Aviation Administration, 1999, p. 1-2). ? Business advantage †a genuine wellspring of significant worth to the business, for example, expanded incomes, improved client maintenance, lower costs, or faster an ideal opportunity to-showcase (Aron, Tucker Hunter, 2005). ? IT-serious venture/activity †a business venture with a noteworthy IT part. It is progressively normal to consider all tasks business ventures. Undertakings including noteworthy IT exercises as well as expenses speak to an open door for the Chief Operating Officer (CIO) and Information System (IS) association to contribute emphatically to benefits acknowledgment (Aron, Tucker Hunter, 2005). I. Importance of the Study The examination is critical since it will dissect the reasons why benefits acknowledgment programs flop in organizations. It will examine the qualities and shortcomings of advantages acknowledgment approaches utilized by organizations. The suggestions that the investigation will give can fill in as valuable devices for association in setting up successful advantages acknowledgment programs. Step by step instructions to refer to Managing mechanical change, Papers

About the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)

About the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) The North Atlantic Treaty Organization is a military coalition of nations from Europe and North America promising aggregate resistance. As of now numbering 29 countries, NATO was framed at first to counter the socialist East and has scanned for another character in the post-Cold War world. Foundation In the fallout of the Second World War, with ideologically contradicted Soviet militaries involving quite a bit of Eastern Europe fears still high over German hostility, the countries of Western Europe scanned for another type of military partnership to secure themselves. In March 1948 the Brussels Pact was marked between France, Britain, Holland, Belgium and Luxembourg, making a resistance union called the Western European Union, yet there was an inclination that any compelling union would need to incorporate the US and Canada. In the US there was far reaching worry about both the spread of Communism in Europe †solid Communist gatherings had shaped in France and Italy - and potential hostility from Soviet militaries, driving the US to look for discusses an Atlantic coalition with the west of Europe. The apparent requirement for another guarded unit to equal the Eastern alliance was exacerbated by the Berlin Blockade of 1949, prompting an understanding that equivalent year with numerous countries from Europe. A few countries restricted enrollment and still do, for example Sweden, Ireland. Creation, Structure, and Collective Security NATO was made by the North Atlantic Treaty, likewise called the Washington Treaty, which was marked on April fifth 1949. There were twelve signatories, including the United States, Canada and Britain (full rundown underneath). The head of NATOs military activities is the Supreme Allied Commander Europe, a position consistently held by an American so their soldiers don’t go under outside order, offering an explanation to the North Atlantic Council of diplomats from part countries, which is driven by the Secretary General of NATO, who is consistently European. The focal point of the NATO arrangement is Article 5, promising aggregate security: an equipped assault against at least one of them in Europe or North America will be viewed as an assault against them all; and therefore they concur that, if such an outfitted assault happens, every one of them, in exercise of the privilege of individual or aggregate self-protection perceived by Article 51 of the Charter of the United Nations, will help the Party or Parties so assaulted by taking forthwith, independently and working together with different Parties, such activity as it considers important, including the utilization of furnished power, to reestablish and keep up the security of the North Atlantic territory. The German Question The NATO settlement likewise took into consideration the alliance’s extension among European countries, and perhaps the soonest banter among NATO individuals was the German inquiry: should West Germany (the East was under opponent Soviet control) be re-outfitted and permitted to join NATO. There was resistance, summoning the ongoing German animosity which caused World War Two, yet in May 1955 Germany was permitted to join, a move which made miracle in Russia and drove the development of the opponent Warsaw Pact collusion of Eastern socialist countries. NATO and the Cold War NATO had, from numerous points of view, been framed to make sure about West Europe against the danger of Soviet Russia, and the Cold War of 1945 to 1991 saw a regularly tense military deadlock between NATO on one side and the Warsaw Pact countries on the other. Notwithstanding, there was never an immediate military commitment, thanks to a limited extent to the danger of atomic war; as a major aspect of NATO understandings atomic weapons were positioned in Europe. There were strains inside NATO itself, and in 1966 France pulled back from the military order set up in 1949. All things considered, there was never a Russian invasion into the western majority rules systems, in enormous part because of the NATO coalition. Europe was extremely acquainted with an attacker taking one nation after another a debt of gratitude is in order for the late 1930s and didn't let it happen once more. NATO After the Cold War The finish of the Cold War in 1991 prompted three significant turns of events: the development of NATO to incorporate new countries from the previous Eastern coalition (full rundown underneath), the reconsidering of NATO as a ‘co-employable security’ union ready to manage European clashes not including part countries and the main utilization of NATO powers in battle. This originally happened during the Wars of the Former Yugoslavia, when NATO utilized air-strikes first against Bosnian-Serb positions in 1995, and again in 1999 against Serbia, in addition to the making of a 60,000 harmony keeping power in the area. NATO likewise made the Partnership for Peace activity in 1994, planned for connecting with and building trust with ex-Warsaw Pact countries in Eastern Europe and the previous Soviet Union, and later the countries from the Former Yugoslavia. Other 30 nations have so far joined, and ten have become full individuals from NATO. NATO and the War on Terror: The contention in the previous Yugoslavia had not included a NATO part state, and the acclaimed condition 5 was first †and consistently - summoned in 2001 after psychological militant assaults on the United States, prompting NATO powers running harmony keeping activities in Afghanistan. NATO has additionally made the Allied Rapid Reaction Force (ARRF) for quicker reactions. In any case, NATO has gone under weight as of late from individuals contending it ought to be downsized, or left to Europe, in spite of the expansion in Russian animosity in a similar period. NATO may in any case be scanning for a job, yet it assumed an enormous job in keeping up the norm exposed War, and has potential in this present reality where Cold War consequential convulsions keep happening.â Part States 1949 Founder Members: Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France (pulled back from military structure 1966), Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, United Kingdom, United States1952: Greece (pulled back from military order 1974 †80), Turkey1955: West Germany (With East Germany as reunified Germany from 1990)1982: Spain1999: Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland2004: Bulgaria, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia2009: Albania, Croatia2017: Montenegro

Body Dysmorphic Disorder and Eating Disorders

Body Dysmorphic Disorder and Eating Disorders July 30, 2019 Tina Chang/Photolibrary/Getty Images More in Eating Disorders Symptoms Treatment Diagnosis Awareness and Prevention People who have anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa are concerned about their body shape, size and/or weight, of course, but theres another body image problem with which many people also struggle: body dysmorphic disorder. Body dysmorphic disorder, which affects up to two percent of people in the United States, causes people to become overly concerned with outward appearance and perceived flaws. It may be seen in people with eating disorders, but is a distinctly different issue. Symptoms of Body Dysmorphic Disorder People suffering from body dysmorphic disorder are preoccupied or obsessed with one or more perceived flaws in their appearance. This preoccupation or obsession typically focuses on one or more body areas or features, such as their skin, hair, or nose. However, any body area or part can be the subject of concern. The Diagnostic Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-V) outlines the following criteria for a diagnosis of body dysmorphic disorder: Preoccupation with one or more perceived defects in appearance that are not noticeable to others and are not truly disfigured.At some point, the person suffering has performed repetitive actions or thoughts in response to the concerns. This may be something like continuously comparing his/her appearance to that of others, mirror checking or skin picking.This obsession causes distress and problems in a person’s social, work, or other areas of life.This obsession isn’t better explained as a symptom of an eating disorder (although some people may be diagnosed with both). Muscle dysmorphia  or a preoccupation with the idea that your muscles are too small is considered a subtype of body dysmorphic disorder. The Relationship to Eating Disorders People with eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa and those with body dysmorphic disorder may both be overly concerned with their size, shape, weight or outward appearance. Those with body dysmorphic disorder may even fixate on areas of their bodies that are similar to fixations seen in anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa, such as the waist, hips, and/or thighs. They may also experience similar symptoms such as body checking (like frequent weighing or mirror checks) and excessive exercise. Researchers have estimated that as many as 12 percent of people with body dysmorphic disorder also suffer from anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa. However, it is important to note that not everyone with body dysmorphic disorder has an eating disorder. There are people with body dysmorphic disorder who focus solely on specific body parts (like the shape of their nose). Thats different than focusing on weight. A thorough assessment by a mental health professional such as a therapist or psychiatrist is useful to sort out whether or not someone is suffering from an eating disorder, body dysmorphic disorder, or both. Treatment Options The good news is that body dysmorphic disorder can be successfully treated, either through a type of psychotherapy known as cognitive behavioral therapy or with medications, including antidepressants. Any time there are multiple diagnoses involved (as is true in anyone who has both body dysmorphic disorder and an eating disorder), it can complicate treatment. However, research also supports the use of cognitive behavioral therapy in the treatment of eating disorders. If you suffer from both problems, you’ll want to make sure your therapist is familiar with both and can create a customized treatment plan for you. You may also be interested in pursuing treatment with medication through your psychiatrist. It is important to remember that you may need to try different medications or dosages before you find the right fit for you. Always follow your doctor’s recommendations regarding medication and don’t hesitate to ask any questions you may have about them. It is important to note that many people with body dysmorphic disorder pursue surgical treatment options such as plastic surgery or hair implants in order to fix their perceived flaws. There is no evidence that this is helpful in the treatment of the condition, and may actually make it worse.

Fight Club Interpersonal Communication - 1831 Words

Interpersonal Communication in the film Fight Club â€Å"You’re the most interesting ‘single serving’ friend I have ever met.† These are some of the first words that initiated the close, yet unorthodox relationship between Jack and Tyler Durden in the movie Fight Club. The film follows the narrator (indirectly referred to as Jack) and the entire movie takes place from his perspective. This is an important factor when analyzing the relationship between him and Tyler, because we only see the events through Jack’s eyes. The relationship between these key characters is a reflection of Mark Knapp’s developmental model as shown in Adler Rodman (2012). (p.205) In the film the audience can clearly see the three major stages, coming together,†¦show more content†¦Despite the original intent of having a temporary living arrangement, Jack doesn’t feel the need to leave Tyler’s house, despite the house’s level of disrepair. They integrate into each other’s lives, in this way they become very close friends not unlike brothers. They take the same night job, and they lie for each other when they have to explain each other’s wounds from fight club. After first meeting Tyler, and fighting at the fight club every Saturday night, Jack becomes cured of his insomnia. Through his experience of feeling more alive when he fights at fight club, Jack feels form of enlightenment. He integrates Tyler’s anti-materialistic philosophies into his own psyche; this leads him to have a false sense of a higher level of existence when compared to his fellow humans. Tyler sense’s Jacks false sense of enlightenment, and in order to pull Jack from his delusions he shows Jack what living really means. He takes Jacks hand, kisses it and pours lye (a key ingredient in making soap) onto the back of Jack hand. This initiates a painful chemical burn, from the saliva from the kiss and the lye, on Jacks hand and Jack rejects the pain. Jack uses the meditation techniques he learned in his support groups to shut out the pain. Tyler jerks him from his meditation telling Jack â€Å"This is the greatest moment of your life and you’re missing it!† Tyler desires for Jack to accept the pain, to acknowledge he hisShow MoreRelatedInterpersonal1363 Words   |  6 PagesHunter Davis-Interpersonal Communication Fight Club Fight Club, a 1999 American film, is a brilliantly constructed film of escaping reality and dealing with pain in the famous art form of fighting. Director David Flincher adapted the film from the 1996 novel. Main actors, Brad Pitt as Tyler Durden and Edward Norton as the narrator, act excellently as they deal with their reality by celebrating violence in underground fight clubs. The narrator becomes involved in a relationship triangle betweenRead MoreMovie Analysis : Fight Club1436 Words   |  6 PagesThis essay uses the movie Fight Club to reveal the impact culture, power, and conflict have in our daily lives. The movie centers on a nameless employee who works for a car company. He hasn’t slept for a long time because of his insomnia and rigorous job. He then discovers that by going to meetings of people with certain disabilities such as testicular cancer†¦ he can find a safe haven from the stress. He then spots Marla—a lady who is seeking the same relief, in various meetings. They agree to splitRead More I Will Become a Physician873 Words   |  4 PagesArizona, my interest in medicine was further intensified by attending the Minority Pre-Med Club meetings in which several physicians came and spoke to us about their roads to medical school and their current positions in the medical field. The following semester, I accepted an offer by the president of the Minority Pre-Med Club to help organize and implement community service projects and special events for the club. This gave me the chance to use my skills and interests in helping out the community andRead MoreEquality in College Population675 Words   |  3 PagesGreetings Ms. Melissa Stauber, I’ve consistently been engaged in the national fight against educational disparities in the collegiate student of color population. Not only in my formal education and career history, but also my personal life has been committed to exploring solutions to problems created within dynamics of multiculturalism, identity and social injustice. This is why I know the Multicultural Academic Advisor position is the perfect next professional step growing my career in studentRead MoreLanguage As A Tool Of Oppression1458 Words   |  6 Pages Standard English, a language that is used in formal setting such as in the classroom, can educate and inform people from all backgrounds, diverse/multicultural to world standard classes. The purpose of this essay is to highlight language and communication in its different forms, (written, spoken, seen and heard) and their keys to education, social development in childhood and thereafter. We also look at conventional language such as the written and spoken word. As well non-conventional forms ofRead MoreEssay about Nursing: A Profession of Art and Science1114 Words   |  5 Pagesquite satisfied with my current career. The next logical step was nursing school. For the next two years I worked as a waitress in a night club while attending nursing classes during the day. The three things I learned was perseverance of spirit, supernatural time management skills, and superb interpersonal communication. I dodged drunks and broke up fights, now I dodge bedpans and participate in conflict resolution. Although this was not a typical career path, life experiences contributed toRead MoreMarketing Strategies Of Airtel And Airtel1222 Words   |  5 Pagessystem arrangements †¢ broadband administrations VODAFONE. ââ€" mobile administrations with GSM engineering ââ€" fixed-line phone administrations ââ€" universal Internetworking ââ€" voip (Voice over Internet Protocol) ââ€" interactive Television ââ€" visual Communication ââ€" broadband Portal 3.6 MARKETING STRATEGIES OF AIRTEL AND VODAFONE One of the fundamental purposes of this undertaking is to think about the promoting systems received via Airtel and its adversary global partner Vodafone. The examinationRead MoreHuman Nature Essay2100 Words   |  9 Pagesopposite of this idea, with every man simply out for himself, doing anything and everything to attain what they wish (41,42). To trust all men as being honest and following a â€Å"do unto others† credo does not seem too wise, especially when men continue to fight everyday, and show a nature that does not reflect that of Locke’s understandings. In an audio program from NPR, an Iraqi Soldier returning from Iraq provides a good example of the evil nature of humans. The soldier, Sam, was having trouble adjustingRead MoreFight Club Essay2874 Words   |  12 PagesAlan Badel English 100/Major Essay #2 Professor Raymond Morris 23 October 2015 The Fight Club Aims to Free Individuals from Society’s Emasculating Shackles Chuck Palahniuk’s Fight Club is an exciting fictional novel that will hold the audience captive following three revolving main characters in Marla Singer, Tyler Durden, and the narrator himself as they take the reader through confusing twists and perspectives, while providing a most revealing closure. Although the title suggests an exclusiveRead MoreEffects of Social Networking to Students6164 Words   |  25 PagesThrough these social networking sites, we develop virtual interpersonal relationships. An interpersonal relationship is a relatively long-term relationship between two or more people. This connection may be based on emotions like love and liking, regular business interactions, or some other type of social commitments. Interpersonal relationships take place in a great variety of contexts, such as family, friends, marriage, acquaintances, work, clubs, neighborhoods, and churches. They may be regulated by

Biography of Kerry James Marshall, Contemporary Artist

Kerry James Marshall (born October 17, 1955) is a prominent contemporary African-American artist. He broke ground for black artists by rising to the upper echelon of the art world while remaining steadfastly dedicated to presenting work that explores the black experience in America. His experience growing up in the Watts neighborhood of South Central Los Angeles profoundly influenced his art. Fast Facts: Kerry James Marshall Occupation: ArtistBorn: October 17, 1955 in Birmingham, AlabamaEducation: Otis College of Art and DesignSelected Works: Voyager (1992), Many Mansions (1994), Portrait of Nat Turner with the Head of His Master (2011)Notable Quote: One of the reasons I paint black people is because I am a black person. Early Life and Career Born in Birmingham, Alabama, Kerry James Marshall moved with his family to the Watts neighborhood of South Central Los Angeles as a young child. He grew up surrounded by the Civil Rights and Black Power movements of the 1960s. He was an eyewitness to the Watts riots that occurred in August 1965. As a teenager, Kerry James Marshall took part in a summer drawing class at the Otis Art Institute in Los Angeles after a teacher nominated him for inclusion. There, he was shown the studio of artist Charles White who later became his instructor and mentor. Kerry James Marshall enrolled as a full-time student at the Otis Art Institute in 1977 and earned a Bachelor of Fine Arts degree in 1978. He moved to Chicago in 1987 after completing a residency at the Studio Museum in Harlem, New York City. Marshall began teaching at the University of Illinois at Chicago in 1993, and he earned a genius grant from the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation in 1997. History as Subject Matter Many of Kerry James Marshalls works reference events from American history as primary subject matter. One of the most prominent is 1992s Voyager. The boat featured in the painting is named Wanderer. It references the story of the former yacht that was the last ship to bring a large number of African slaves to America. In violation of a 50-year-old law prohibiting the importation of slaves, the Wanderer arrived at Jekyll Island in Georgia in 1858 with over 400 slaves on board. It was the final event in the history of the African slave trade in America. In 2011, Marshall painted Portrait of Nat Turner with the Head of His Master. It is a nearly full-length portrait in the manner of traditional portraiture, but the grisly image of a man slaughtered in his sleep lying behind Nat Turner is chilling. The historical event referenced is the two-day slave rebellion led by Nat Turner in 1831. Housing Projects In 1994, Kerry James Marshall painted a series titled The Garden Project. He depicts life in public housing projects in the U.S. inspired by his own experience living in Nickerson Gardens, a 1,066-unit apartment complex in the Watts neighborhood of Los Angeles. His paintings in the series explore the dichotomy between the imagery evoked by the names of the projects using the word Gardens and the reality of harsh life in public housing. It is a metaphor for the lives of African-Americans in contemporary America. One of the key pieces is 1994s Many Mansions. It shows three black men in formal clothing performing the manual labor of planting flowers for a housing project. Their depiction is at the center of Marshalls juxtaposition of the ideal evoked by the concept of a public housing project with the reality of the residents experiences. Another painting in the series, Better Homes, Better Gardens, shows an idyllic young black couple strolling through a brick housing project. The inspiration for this piece is Chicagos Wentworth Gardens. It is notorious for a history of gang violence and drug problems. Concept of Beauty Another frequent subject of Kerry James Marshalls work is the concept of beauty. The people depicted in Marshalls paintings usually have very dark, almost flat black, skin. He explained to interviewers that he created the extreme to specifically draw attention to the distinctive appearance of black Americans. In a series of 1994 paintings of models, Marshall depicts male and female black models. The male model is shown against a mostly white background that emphasizes the blackness of his skin. He is lifting his shirt to presumably share the power of his physique with viewers. He painted a topless female black model with the names Linda, Cindy, and Naomi inscribed in the upper right. They are the iconic supermodels Linda Evangelista, Cindy Crawford, and Naomi Campbell. In another model painting, Marshall juxtaposed the image of the female black models face with those of blonde white models. Mastry In 2016, Kerry James Marshalls work was the subject of the historically significant retrospective Mastry at the Museum of Contemporary Art in Chicago. The exhibition covered 35 years of Marshalls work with nearly 80 pieces displayed. It was an unprecedented celebration of the work of an African-American artist. In addition to its overt celebration of the black experience in America, many observers saw Kerry James Marshalls work as a reaction to the movement of much of the art establishment away from traditional painting. Unlike celebrated experiments in minimalist and conceptual art, Marshall creates his works with an eye toward arranging his subject matter in ways that stretch back to the traditions of art from the Renaissance era. Kerry James Marshall has explained that he is more interested in being a painter than creating art. When the Mastry exhibition traveled to the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City, Kerry James Marshall selected 40 works from the museums permanent collection that he particularly valued as inspiration. The exhibit within an exhibit was titled Kerry James Marshall Selects. Public Works Controversy In 2018, Kerry James Marshalls paintings made headlines in two controversies over the value of public art contrasted with the benefit of public services that could be provided with money earned from sales of the art. In May, the Metropolitan Pier and Exposition Authority of Chicago sold the monumental piece Past Times to rap artist and entrepreneur Sean Combs for $21 million. The original purchase price was $25,000. The piece previously hung in the McCormick Place convention center on public display. The money earned from the auction provided a windfall to the budget of the public agency. Even more controversial was the announcement by Chicago mayor Rahm Emmanuel that the city would sell the 1995 Kerry James Marshall painting Knowledge and Wonder. It hung on the wall in one of the citys public library branches. Commissioned for $10,000, experts pegged the value of the painting at somewhere near $10 million. Emmanuel planned to use the funds from the sale to expand and upgrade a branch of the library on the citys west side. After intense criticism from the public and the artist himself, the city withdrew plans to sell the work in November 2018. Source Tate, Greg, Charles Gaines, and Laurence Rassel. Kerry James Marshall. Phaidon, 2017.

Marketing and Buying Decision Free Essays

Principles of Marketing Principles of Marketing 2012 Name: Robert Barnes Student Number: 21154021 Institution: University of West London Word count: 1455 2012 Name: Robert Barnes Student Number: 21154021 Institution: University of West London Word count: 1455 Table of Contents 1. 0 Introduction2 2. 0 Question 1 3 2. We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing and Buying Decision or any similar topic only for you Order Now 1 Personality 3 2. 2 Motivation6 2. 3 Conflict6 3. 0 Question 2 8 Bibliography9 1. 0 Introduction The case study I have chosen to cover is â€Å"Breezing out for a night on the tiles†. It discusses the rise of the premium pre-mixed drinks industry between 1995-2000, in particular the Bacardi Breezer brand. It looks at the marketing activity which has taken place and the brand association the marketers aimed to achieve. In this report I will be exploring the buying process involved when purchasing an alcoholic beverage, the influencing factors when making a decision and the role that marketing plays, in these decisions. The definition of marketing is â€Å"The management process which identifies anticipates and supplies customer requirements efficiently and profitably. † Adrian Palmer 2004 Personality noun (plural personalities) The coon of characteristics or qualities that form an individual’s distinctive character: – Oxford Dictionary 2012 ENTJ Frank, decisive, assume leadership readily. Quickly see illogical and inefficient procedures and policies, develop and implement comprehensive systems to solve organisational problems. Enjoy long-term planning and goal setting. Usually well informed, well read, enjoy expanding their knowledge and passing it on to others. Forceful in presenting their ideas. – Introduction to Type, Sixth Edition by Isabel Briggs-Myers 1998 2. 0 Question 1 Q. Give an overview of how the buying decision-making process might work for purchasing an alcoholic drink in a pub or club. How would this differ when purchasing alcohol in a supermarket or off licence? A. The Theory To answer this question we first need to look at the theories in marketing associated to the buying process, influences and behaviours. Diagram 2. 0 is the structure of the buying process based on the â€Å"Cognitive Paradigm† theory (Pickton and Broderick 2001) which focuses on the individuals thought process, during a buying decision. It assumes that the buying decision is approached as a problem solving activity and that the consumer is being rational throughout the process. It is widely used as the default theory by marketers and sales professionals when structuring campaigns. It does not however accurately describe the process that occurs during extreme impulse or irrational purchases, which are both, almost intangible processes. For the purpose of this exercise, we will assume that the responsible purchase of alcohol is approached, both rationally and thoughtfully. Diagram 2. 0 – The Buying Process. Source: Marketing Communications, by John Egan. 2007) Step 1 of the process is the â€Å"Problem Recognition†. This is the identification of a need, such as â€Å"I am hungry, therefore I need to eat†. It can however be very complex and the consumer may require education or informing before recognising a problem exists, such as a dentist telling you, you need a filling, even though you hadnâ₠¬â„¢t felt any pain in that tooth. Marketers can exploit this step by feeding information to consumers for goods and services, they hadn’t realised they needed. Step 2 of the process is the â€Å"Information Search†. This is when an individual has identified a need but may need to research to find the right solution. For example, if a student identifies a need for a computer, but has a limited budget, he or she might research information to identify the best option for the budget they have. This step can skipped if the consumer has enough knowledge, regarding the possible solutions. Step 3 of the process is â€Å"Evaluation†. This is when more than one option is available to solve the identified need, and the consumer wants to experience these before purchasing. An example would be someone test driving multiple cars before purchasing one. Effectively they will all satisfy the same need, but the consumer wants to know what the experience is, before making the decision. This step can skipped if the consumer has previous experience or is happy with a certain product or service beforehand. Step 4 of the process is â€Å"Decision†. This is simply the final choose for a solution to the identified need, after weighing up all options. Again, a consumer can move directly to this step from â€Å"Problem Recognition† if enough prior knowledge exists. Step 5 of the process is â€Å"Purchase†. This is when the decision is executed and the goods or services are acquired. Step 6 of the process is â€Å"Post-Purchase Evaluation†. This is when you access you satisfaction with your product or service after you have acquired it. If a great experience is had, it will lead to a higher likelihood that you will purchase that product or service again. Applying the theory Table 2. 0 is an application of the above theory, for an individual going through the buying process at both a club and supermarket. Buying Process Step| Nightclub or Pub| Supermarket| Problem Recognition| * A want to let loose. * A need for confidence. * A desire to fit in or stand-out. An aspiration to impress. | * Alcohol for cooking. * Thoughts of a night in. * A desire to relax and unwind. * Drinks for guests and friends. * Cheap drinks before going out. | Information Search| * Advertisement around the club. * Bottles behind the bar. * Drink cocktail menus. * What others are drinking. * Peer and/or social pressure. | * The label on the bottle. * Prices and special offers. * Staff knowledge. | Evaluation| * Tasting a friends drink. * Design of the bottle. * Recognition of a brand. | * Description on label. * Design and quality of bottle. Alcohol percentage. * Brand recognition. | Decision| * Information processed and decision made. | * Information processed and decision made. | Purchase| * Majority of exchanges in cash. | * Majority of exchanges by credit card. | Post-Purchase Evaluation| * Did that get me drunk? * Did I like the taste? * Do I want another one? * Did it give me a hangover? | * Did I like the taste? * Was it good value? * Will I buy it again? * Did it get me to the desired level of drunkenness? | Table 2. 0 – The Buying Process of Alcohol in Different Environments. What this application of theory shows, is that there are different factors in play when buying alcohol in a club or pub compared to a supermarket, but the process remains the same. These factors are different mostly due to the environment, information availability, the individual’s intent and marketing strategies. If selling a drink in a club or pub it is more important for your drink to be seen as â€Å"cool† socially and price is less of a factor whereas if selling in a supermarket, your drink needs to be competitively priced yet still demonstrate a level of quality. 3. 0 Question 2 Q. Detail the individual and group influences that are likely to affect someone’s choice of drink brand? A. The Theory Diagram 3. 0 demonstrates the individual and group influencing factors when making a buying decision. Diagram 2. 1 – Factors affecting buying decisions. (Source: Marketing Communications, by John Egan. 2007) Our strongest influences when making a buying decision are our internal beliefs and values. These include Attitude, Perception, Learning, Memory and Motivation. The next in terms of influencing power are Primary Groups. Primary groups are made up of close friends, family and people who you respect. You are affected by these groups by the opinions and values they hold. The next group in terms of influencing power is the Secondary Group. This group is made up of people you know but not closely, or people who you may aspire to be like. Lastly there are influences depending on your Culture, Race or Religion, that will affect your decision when buying something. There are also External factors that include things that are beyond your control, such as Fashion, Law, Time ect. So how do these factors affect someone when buying an alcoholic drink? Well if I was out with my family, I would be unlikely to order shots, as they would not approve, whereas if I was out with close friends, then this would be the opposite. The secondary group has the same effect, but is less powerful in its influence. 4. 0 Question 3 Q. Explain the roles of the various marketing activities described in this case in influencing consumer behaviour. A. In 2000 Bacardi spent ? 14m on a campaign to promote their brand â€Å"Bacardi Breezer†. The reason to do this is to influence people decisions when making a buying decision. Bacardi’s first large campaign was in 1999 when they spent ? 5. 6m. The campaign was headlined with the slogan â€Å"there’s Latin spirit in everyone† aimed at the 18-24 year old market. This campaign was created to give the brand an exotic, cool to be seen drinking appeal and was aimed at the demographic that would most likely be drinking in an environment where these factors we important in their buying decision. This campaign established Bacardi Breezer as one of the major players in the alco-pop industry. Bibliography * John Martin, 2010. Organizational Behaviour Management. 4th Revised edition Edition. South Western Educational Publishing. * John Martin, 2004. Organizational Behaviour And Management. Edition. Thomson Learning. * Laurie J. Mullins, 2006. Essentials of Management and Organisational Behaviour. Edition. FT Press. * Isabel Briggs Myers, 1998. Introduction to Type: A Guide to Understanding Your Results on the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator. 6th Edition. Center for Applications of. * Adrian Furnham, 2008. Personality and In telligence at Work: Exploring and Explaining Individual Differences at Work. 1 Edition. Routledge. * Stephen P. Robins, 2010. Organizational Behaviour. 1 Edition. Pearson Books. * John Ivancevich, 2010. Organizational Behavior and Management. 9 Edition. McGraw-Hill/Irwin How to cite Marketing and Buying Decision, Papers

Let me infotain you Essay Example For Students

Let me infotain you Essay If you havent been back to Broadway for a while, this is the show to see! Sound like the words of a critic whos dying to see his or her name in the print ads? Not quiteits the sign-off of a TV special put together by WNYW, the Fox affiliate in New York. The line is delivered by reporter Julie Golden standing outside the Martin Beck Theatre on the opening night of Guys and Dolls, while the shows producers read the reviews (live!) behind her on the sidewalk. The program, which won an Emmy in 1992 for best local special, is an example of the growing genre of television-about-theatre. TV specials about the theatre seem to be a New York phenomenonwhere theatre is part of a vital arts economy tied to tourism and the service sectoralthough some have been seen nationwide. The most frequent national disseminator of these backstage peeks is Great Performances, produced for PBS by New Yorks WNET, which in the past year and a half has aired documentaries on the making of Jellys Last Jam and Angels in America as well as Guys and Dolls, and this season hopes to produce one on the West End-to-Lincoln Center import Carousel. In New York, local stations are also finding theatrical productions to be alluring sources of glossy, tailor-made footage, if they can just gain enough access to capture the spirit of a production (or at least its high-profile stars or creators) on film. A handy focus for programs of this nature is the musical recording session, an easily capsulized though not intrinsically thrilling event. Shows on the recordings of Company and the opera-star version of West Side Story manage to get on tape the unrehearsed drama of performers (Elaine Stritch and Jose Carreras, respectively) who were having difficulty putting out, as the studio clock ticked. Great Performances rendition of the Guys and Dolls recording session takes the same approach, though it unfortunately finds little to do besides encouraging the actors to make wisecracks into the camera after weve watched them belt out numbers with cups of coffee in their hands. Its a program, nevertheless, that makes you want to buy the record. WNYWs Backstage on Broadway: Guys and Dolls Opening Night descends to home-movie level when it goes into dressing rooms to record cast members telling us how much they love one another. All the same, the program conveys some of the intricacies of light cu es and scene changes, and draws pertinent parallels between the Broadway of the original 1950 production and the current season. With its dollop of useful information, this is a bouncy 11 oclock news item, expanded to fill out an hourlong report. Hometown boosterism is key to the local stations approach. New York producers, both the theatrical and the TV kind, love to tell you that theatre is good for the city. Its unique to New York, an industry that no one else in the world has, says Bob Woodruff, vice president of program development for WWOR-TV and executive producer of its specials on The Goodbye Girl and Kiss of the Spider Woman. We want to nurture it as much as we can. The equally civic-minded Joachim Blunck, executive producer of WNYWs specials on Guys and Dolls and Tommy, declares, We want Fox 5 to be a force in support of the arts and culture that make New York a world capital. We are putting TVs unique ability to work for New Yorks unique culture. The tone of Foxs programs evidently derives from this rapid-heartbeat style. Documentaries with depth   The genre also accommodates documentaries with a longer view, ones that place a work of theatre in a historical and social context. Two recent programs by Great Performances delve into their material with remarkable depth. Jammin: Jelly Roll Morton on Broadway presents a rich portrait of African-American life, while still providing the regulation Broadway excitement. In the Wings: Angels in America on Broadwayprobably the first of these shows to examine a nonmusicalseems at least as concerned with issues of gay identity and national politics as it is with the play itself. While it does include rehearsal footage and shots of the actors talking about their characters, the documentary is most compelling for its footage of Roy Cohn in 1954, Patrick Buchanan at last years Republican convention, and playwright Tony Kushners on-camera description of how he came out to his parents. This is serious business for the average stagestruck viewer, and even for the plays Broadway producers, one of whom, Benjamin Mordecai, found the program more political than we expected. Not that hes complaining: When Great Performances presents an hour on a play on national television, Mordecai acknowledges, it has tremendous implications for the importance of that play. .ue74af8ebae02bf211e852a4737829ab3 , .ue74af8ebae02bf211e852a4737829ab3 .postImageUrl , .ue74af8ebae02bf211e852a4737829ab3 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ue74af8ebae02bf211e852a4737829ab3 , .ue74af8ebae02bf211e852a4737829ab3:hover , .ue74af8ebae02bf211e852a4737829ab3:visited , .ue74af8ebae02bf211e852a4737829ab3:active { border:0!important; } .ue74af8ebae02bf211e852a4737829ab3 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ue74af8ebae02bf211e852a4737829ab3 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ue74af8ebae02bf211e852a4737829ab3:active , .ue74af8ebae02bf211e852a4737829ab3:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ue74af8ebae02bf211e852a4737829ab3 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ue74af8ebae02bf211e852a4737829ab3 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ue74af8ebae02bf211e852a4737829ab3 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ue74af8ebae02bf211e852a4737829ab3 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ue74af8ebae02bf211e852a4737829ab3:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ue74af8ebae02bf211e852a4737829ab3 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ue74af8ebae02bf211e852a4737829ab3 .ue74af8ebae02bf211e852a4737829ab3-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ue74af8ebae02bf211e852a4737829ab3:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: 'Blood Brothers' Theatre Review EssayWhether packaged as documentaries or specials, these programs have something in common: Broadway producers love them. After all, they are at least in part (as TV critic John J. OConnor wrote in the New York Times) program-length commercials. What accounts for their current proliferation? TV people (those in local news, anyway) swear they were always interested. This is an opportunity to do something with a little class, says WNORs Bob Woodruff. Weve been fighting for years to do this. But he needed the agreement of producers and theatrical unions, which for a long time was hard to obtain. Producers are now seeing the advantage of cooper ating: Theyre calling us |after specials have run~ to tell us theyre doing markedly different business at the box office, Woodruff says. After the special on Jellys Last Jam aired, the musicals producers called Great Performances to request some footage for a new commercial. Even if they arent designed as marketing tools, these shows end up getting used that way. For its part, Great Performances has turned in the television-about-theatre direction because of industry restrictions. Plans to film an entire play for television have often been thwarted because producers were afraid a televised version would rob from their box office. So mounting whole performances for the camera becomes financially prohibitive, when an agreement can be worked out at all. Even for use in documentaries, Actors Equity Association imposes limits on rehearsal or performance footage. Kim Powers, head of drama development at Great Performances, says that for the Angels documentary, we were able to get Equity to break some stipulations. Our getting 12 minutes of performance on the air was longer than anyone had been permitted for this kind of program. Shortened attention spans   Theatrical documentaries at Great Performances have become a solution to viewers shortened attention spans. Longer shows arent attracting audiences anymore, so the network would like to keep its programs to an hours length, with an exception made only for opera. On our productions of Uncle Vanya and Hamlet, Powers confides, the numbers dropped with every successive half hour of the broadcast. Hamlet had the advantage of Kevin Kline, but the disadvantage of being three hours long. Documentaries are a way around that problem, a short way of delivering the play without doing the play itself. That may be TVs solution, but its not a very hopeful development for audiences interested in experiencing an entire evening at the theatre. The infotainment format raises a host of questions, most central being: When does a documentary become just another marketing tool? For example, late in a run, previously fussy producers may decide that a TV show isnt such a bad idea, and, says Powers, they come back begging us to do it. The gargantuan pull of television was no doubt behind the casting of soap star Michael Damian in this falls Broadway revival of Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat, a point that WWOR will make use of in the special its producing. It could bring a whole new group of people into the theatre, says tireless good citizen Bob Woodruff. Were doing an interview with Michael Damian on the set of The Young and the Restless. His fans will want to come to the theatre to see him.

The theme of betrayal Essay Example

The theme of betrayal Paper These two poems are written about very different subjects but they both explore the theme of betrayal. In the first poem ‘Havisham’, the poet Carol Anne Duffy uses Mrs. Havisham, a fictional character from the well know novel ‘Great Expectations’ by Charles Dickens, as her extended metaphor for betrayal. In the second poem ‘Kid’ by Simon Armitage, the poet presents the theme of betrayal from a slightly different perspective using ‘Batman and Robin’ as his literary conceit. Both Havisham and Kid feature literary conceits through which the poets convey the characters thoughts to the reader. In Havisham, Duffy uses her chosen metaphor as the title. This makes the theme of betrayal known to the reader from the very start of the poem. Duffy asexualises the main character in the title through the absence of the pronoun â€Å"Mrs†. This puts extra emphasis on Mrs. Havisham’s metaphoric significance. In kid, Armitage uses the extended metaphor (Batman and Robin) to sarcastically influence the speakers’ role reversal of his childhood relationship with his stepfather who left him and his mother, to be in a relationship with another woman. Both poems use strong plosives in the opening line of the poem. Havisham starts off with the phrase â€Å"Beloved sweetheart bastard†. The repetition of the letter ‘b’ gives the poem an immediate aggressive tone and evokes anger. This phrase is also an oxymoron; the poet is expressing the characters unhealthy state of mind through the polarisation of feeling. This is a result of these two feeling, love and hate, are irreconcilable, and yet both experienced by the speaker to their extremes. We will write a custom essay sample on The theme of betrayal specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The theme of betrayal specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The theme of betrayal specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Simon Armitage in kid also employs plosives to emphasise the anger and violence expressed throughout the poem examples include, â€Å"Batman, big shot† and â€Å"punching the palm of your hand†. Therefore, both poems use plosives in order to gain the same effect, emphasis on aggression and anger. Clothing is another common device used by both poets to express the characters state of mind. In Havisham the speaker seems to use clothing to convey a deeper meaning to the reader. â€Å"Loves hate behind a white veil† This oxymoron presents two overwhelming contradictory emotion. This shows that although the speaker is angry there is also a more sophisticated side to her. However in kid, the description of clothing is far less sophisticated; â€Å"now I’ve doffed that off-the-shoulder / Sherwood-forest-green and scarlet number for a pair of jeans and crew-neck jumper† . The speaker in kid evaluates his adulthood through his clothing, which shows that he does not operate well in society. The clothes that belong to childhood is the â€Å"Sherwood-forest-green and scarlet number† and the â€Å"pair of jeans and crew neck jumper† belong to adulthood. The speaker shows immaturity by describing his adulthood in terms of external virtues. This would seem fairly mundane in contrast to Havisham, which refers to clothing as part of an intelligent literary device, which subsequently has an effect on the reader. Enjambment is used in both poems, with each poet using this technique to create different effects on the reader. In Havisham, Duffy uses enjambment to build up dramatic tension in the poem. The enjambment used in Havisham goes against normal structure in poetry; â€Å"who did this / to me? †, the effect that is created by the thoughts of the speaker running over from one line to the other, emphasises the great anger felt by the speaker at this point. This use of enjambment is doubly useful, in this case as the overall effect of the enjambed lines is that the idea takes the form of a rant. Armitage creates a mood of aggression in Kid, partly caused by the structure of the poem. Kid is presented in four long periodic sentences with multiple sub-clauses, enjambed over nearly every line. One of the many examples can be seen on line one over to line two were the speaker says â€Å"when you gave the order / to grow up†. The emjabments used in kid also add to the menacing tirade in the poem. In Havisham the structure of the poem resembles that of natural speech. This results in the poem being more naturalistic. At the end of the poem Duffy uses the breakdown in rhythm, â€Å"b-b-b-breaks† to emphasise the speaker’s emotions. By adding in this caesura Duffy shows the disintegration of language, which connotes the breakdown of mind and the unstable mental state of the speaker as a result of the betrayal. Similarly in Kid, Simon Armitage also uses caesura’s to emphasise some key words and themes within the poem, â€Å"I’m taller, harder, stronger, older†. As well as adding greater emphasis to the words, the use of commas between each word breaks up the rhythm of the poem and similarly to Havisham makes the poem exceed the boundaries of normal poetry. This causes the poems to take on the form of a rant. Language devices are used in both poems to enhance the build up of tension. In Havisham, Duffy uses alliteration to build up tension and as stated above, show the unhealthy state of mind of the speaker. The example of this is â€Å"b-b-b-breaks†, this shows the feelings of the speaker mounting up inside her, and she has difficulty getting them out. Her hesitancy in this case could also allude to the speaker’s shamefulness of herself and the state she is in. Duffy also uses sibilance to enhance this effect, â€Å"Spinster, I stink†, this also could allude to the same effect as previously in which the speaker is ashamed of herself. The term spinster refers to unmarried women of marriageable age, and unlike bachelor has negative connotations. This use of sibilance crates a very real effect to the poem the reader can hear, see and smell Havisham in their mind. The assonance found in the second stanza, â€Å"cawing Nooooo at the wall†, implies that Havisham has been re-living in her mind the past events in her life, something that is often not psychologically healthy. The significant literal device found in Kid is the use of repetitive assonance which in this case is all the lines ending in ‘r’: â€Å"order wander yonder rather corner †. These assonances conjures up an ‘index finger pointing belligerently at the interlocutor’. The resulting effect is that of mounting anger and violence in the speaker. In conclusion Duffy lends pathos and a tragic dimension to her character. In order to have a tragic dimension in a character, the character needs to have experienced some sort of tragic event. For Havisham this was the betrayal which causes her to be totally self-aware. As a result this event will manifest itself in to the character of the speaker. This will cause the reader to sympathise with the speaker. In Kid, Armitage presents a character who seeks to measure himself favourably at someone else’s expense. This makes it much harder for the reader to sympathize with the speaker in Kid than in Havisham. As a result of this I feel that the speaker in Havisham is far more captivating than the one in Kid. This is mainly due to the effect the tragic event of betrayal suffered by the reader, has affected her behaviour. This in conjunction with the various stylistic and linguistic features in the poem make Havisham a more powerful and effective poem.

Three ways to tame an out-of-control sentence

Three ways to tame an out-of-control sentence Three ways to tame wild sentences You dont have to work in a zoo, the circus or pest control to come face to face with a wild beast at work. Sometimes theyre found lurking in our writing. Sounds strange? Well, an out-of-control sentence can be a terrifying thing. Take this monster, based on a real-life example: I have attached a document to this report – ‘Marketing budget for 2016’ – which explains at length our new strategy, including why we are reducing spending on broadcast advertising, and the process of selecting partner agencies to work with in consultation with the CEO, and specialists within the marketing department. If you find yourself writing a sentence like this, you might end up feeling like you’re being attacked by your own creation. It’s frighteningly easy to get tangled up – and to make grammar and punctuation errors – when a sentence is 50 words long. The reader has it even worse. Long, complicated sentences are hard to follow, because they force the reader to keep track of several ideas at the same time while they wait for the full picture to emerge. Luckily, there are several ways to tame sentences that are starting to run wild. Here are three simple techniques that will have even the least domesticated sentences purring in your lap in no time. One sentence, one idea A sentence works best when it contains one idea. This means your reader has to take in only one thing at a time, making it easier for them to follow what you are saying. You may fear that this approach will dumb down your style – but it actually does the opposite. By ensuring each sentence contains just a single idea, you free up your reader’s energy to focus on your point, rather than on trying to keep track of your thought process. This is crucial if what you’re communicating is complicated or technical (or, dare we say it, a bit dull). It also makes your writing more powerful. If you string together several ideas in one sentence, they may each have less impact than if they were presented on their own. Take this example, which is based on a real-life letter to a customer: We are very sorry for the mistake that happened as we have a number of new staff working in sales, and regrettably one of them misunderstood the information given to them about our prices, and advised that we were offering a universal 40 per cent discount, when in fact this was a time-limited offer for existing customers. If we break down this sprawling sentence, we can see it contains three distinct ideas. They are: 1) We apologise for the mistake. 2) The mistake was caused by new staff misunderstanding our pricing. 3) The discount did not apply in this case. Now let’s apply the one-sentence-one-idea model: We are very sorry for quoting you the wrong price. This was because one of our new members of staff had misunderstood our pricing system. The 40 per cent discount you were offered in fact applies only to existing customers. This is clearer and has more impact. It also feels less like a rather rambling excuse, and more like a genuine apology and explanation. If it gets listy, put some bullets in it If you find that you’re weighing down the tail of a sentence with several related ideas, a bulleted list may help. For example, instead of writing: This document includes instructions on the program’s system requirements, how to use the program complete with screenshots, how to access the help file, whom to contact for more information, and licensing terms and conditions. you can split it into bullet points: This document includes: the program’s system requirements how to use the program (with screenshots) how to access the help file whom to contact for more information licensing terms and conditions. (If youre unsure how to punctuate bulleted lists, watch our short video that explains all.) Full stop them in their tracks Sometimes the simplest remedy is the best. If you find yourself agonising over whether to use a comma or a full stop, go for the full stop. Stringing together lots of ideas using commas often makes a sentence harder to read. For example: Thomas Atkins is the CEO of ACME Ltd, having founded the company in 1999, after seeing the low quality of widgets available at the time, responding with improved quality while charging the low prices ACME Ltd is still known for today. Splitting the sentence in two makes its ideas much more definite. First, the reader learns who founded the company. Then, why he did so: Thomas Atkins is the CEO of ACME Ltd, having founded the company in 1999. Atkins saw the low quality of widgets available at the time and responded by improving quality while charging the low prices ACME Ltd is still known for today. Even now, the second sentence remains a bit unwieldy. In cases like this, consider splitting it into even smaller units. This allows you to elaborate on each idea independently, in a way that would be unreadable as a single sentence. Thomas Atkins is the CEO of ACME Ltd, having founded the company in Bristol in 1999. Atkins was dissatisfied with the low quality of widgets available at the time, which were prone to breaking after a year’s use. So he dedicated himself to designing and producing better quality widgets, while charging the low prices ACME Ltd is still known for today. One. Last. Thing. We’re not suggesting that you eradicate commas and longer sentences altogether. Too many short sentences can give your writing a juddering, stop-start rhythm, which can be distracting for the reader. We recommend a maximum length of about 35 words for sentences – but below that limit, don’t focus too much on length. Instead, focus on the idea you want each sentence to communicate to your reader. You’ll find it much easier to write, punctuate and edit – and you’ll avoid unleashing any wild beasts. Image credit: Eric Isselee / Shutterstock

Statistic Project Statistics Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Statistic - Statistics Project Example Significant difference in mode and median among of BMI among men and women suggests that the two data sets have different distributions. BMI of men is more concentrated along the mean of the data set, because of the closeness between mean, mode and median, as compares to the statistics for women’s BMI. Standard deviations and variances for the two data sets confirms suggested differences in distribution of the two data sets. Men’s BMI have a lower standard deviation and this means that the data are more concentrated around the mean than data for women’ BMI. This is further evident in the range that is lower for women’s data. Nature of the distribution that the values of mean, mode and median suggest, is also evident in the skewedness’ values. Even though the data sets are skewed towards one direction, the skewedness is greater in women. These statistics shows that despite the average similarity in BMI among men and women, frequency of men’s BMI increases with increase in BMI while that of women’s BMI decreases with increase in BMI. Based on the three analyses, it can be concluded that med have larger waists than women though this changes at old age and that people’s waist increased up to mid age and then declines slightly before increasing again. A majority f people have their cholesterol levels lower than 300 and trends in BMI differ between men and women but with equivalent

Case study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 46

Case Study Example Of course though this option is not preferred because labor cost is a major component of the Mailing Place’s expenses, and keeping this at the same level is central to the organization’s success. As such, it would be better that Jill try and rework her department so that the new work is able to be handled by current staff members and also not affect any of the current work taking place. 3. I would suggest that the Mailing Place increases its labor budget as part of the planning process. It is obvious that the company is already doing very well, but taking on a whole lot more work might disrupt current work. It would be better if the company hired more workers. Also, for scheduling the company needs to make sure that employees are trained to use all the machines and PC programs within enough time before the new work commences. 1. For job candidates, placing their resumes on the World Wide Web allows them to be noticed by a wider selection of employees and also in a much faster timeframe. Previously, job placement ads had to be spotted and individualized letters sent out to each employer; now this process has been simplified by giving greater power and control for the job seeker. The World Wide Web can also help to match employers to job candidates, and this can reduce the time spent wasted on job candidates who either do not fit the job description or are not capable of performing that particular job. 2. Electronic resumes can help to identify a job candidate with specific technical skills because it can showcase some of their previous work. In this instance, this is actually better than a list of skills and qualifications because it allows the employer to see just exactly what the job candidate is capable of. If I found out that another person had developed the candidate’s homepage, then it would depend on the particular job as to what I would do. If the job had to do with computers then I would immediately rule them out; however, if the home page

Theories of Stress and Stress Management

Theories of Stress and Stress Management Psychology and Management of Stress Jane Jerard Outline and evaluate Selye’s (1956) General Adaptation Syndrome of stress Selye’s General Adaptation Syndrome of Stress is a model that analyses an individual’s response to long term stress which is broken down into three main stages, the initial alarm stage, the interim resistance stage and finally the exhaustion stage (Nicky Hayes, 1994). If the stressor persists the individual will progress through each of the stages, and in some cases disease and even death can result. During the alarm stage the body reacts to the stressor with a ‘fight or flight’ response in which the parasympathetic nervous system is activated and hormones (e.g. adrenalin and noradrenaline) are released from the adrenal medulla (Richard Gross, 2010). If the stressor remains, the body then goes into the resistance stage during which it may outwardly appear to be functioning normally, however levels of blood glucose, cortisol (stimulated by adrenocorticotrophic hormones known as ACTH) and adrenaline remain higher than normal and the individual’s heart rate, blood pressure and breathing will be higher than normal. The individual may appear calm but they are physically and mentally at ‘action stations’ (currentnursing.com, 2014). During the final, exhaustion stage the further release of ACTH is inhibited by the hormones it has already stimulated and the levels of ACTH itself circulating in the blood. At this point the body begins to use up its energy reserves or resources and the body cannot function adequately. Blood sugar levels drop and the individual becomes vulnerable to disease and death. As Nicky Hayes (1994, p450) states ‘This [final stage] produces an immediate and strong – sometimes excessive – reaction to even mild sources of additional stress’. As a model of stress, the General Adaption Syndrome (GAS) is focused primarily on the bodies’ physiological response to stress. It does not take into account other factors influencing an individual’s response to stress such as their thoughts, perceptions or feelings and how these cognitive and psychological factors impact upon their experience of stress itself (garysturt, 2004). Nonetheless the GAS was a hugely influential model which generated a lot of further study (currentnursing.com, 2014). Folkman Lazarus’ (1984) Cognitive Appraisal Theory of stress Unlike the GAS model of stress, the Cognitive Appraisal Theory of stress focuses on an individual’s cognition of a stressor which informs their emotional response. It is ‘a theory of emotion which implicates peoples personal interpretation of an event in determining their emotional reaction’ (psychcentral, 2014). The way in which an individual interprets the stressor is significant and according to Folkman and Lazarus we respond to a stressful event or situation by making a primary appraisal, during which we assess whether the event is harmful to us either physically or in terms of our esteem, core beliefs and our values or goals (Folkman, 1986). During the secondary appraisal (which can take place before, at the same time or after primary appraisal) we consider whether we have the resources to manage the stressor; the outcome of which affects our coping strategy. Coping strategies can be understood as either: problem based; where the stressor is perceived as a challenge and we generate strategies to manage it or solutions to remove it, or emotional based; where the problem is considered to be a threat that cannot be resolved and various coping strategies such as avoidance, distancing and acceptance are employed (blackswanstress, 2014). According to the Cognitive Appraisal of Stress model then, in response to a stressor we establish if there is a threat, employ coping strategies and then reassesses the threat which results in identification of emotional responses (Nicky Hayes, 1994). Stress is viewed in a more transactional sense, as a two way process in which individuals respond dynamically to their environment. Unlike the GAS model then, cognitive approaches are of paramount importance and it is a more fluid and responsive model, recognising the importance of the individual in each and every stress response. With reference to the case study, examine the evidence that there is a link between personality and stress. There is little dispute that life events can have a dramatic effect on an individual’s mental health, and even their physical health. However an individual’s reaction to a stressor is subjective and influenced by their cognitive and psychological makeup. An individual’s experience of stress will depend upon their personality. Kobasa (1979) proposed that this response to stressful events will be determined in part by an individual’s hardiness, with those low on hardiness more likely to experience psychological and physiological illness in response to stressful life events, whilst those high on hardiness are buffered to a certain extent from the effects of stress, using research amongst executives to back up this hypothesis. Hardiness is to be understood as having a sense of commitment (both individual and work related), as having an internal locus of control and, as a positive response to change viewing it more as a challenge and less as a threat (psych.uft .ed, 2014). Other studies of personality support the work done by Kobasa, for example Ironson (2010) completed a study on disease progression in HIV in which she found that ‘Those low on optimism (25th percentile) lost CD4 cells at a rate 1.55 times faster than those high on optimism (75th percentile) †¦ reap[ing] health benefits partly through behavioural (proactive behaviour), cognitive (avoidant coping), and affective (depression) pathways’. Although some studies such as Funk Houston 1987, and Schmid Lawler 1986, have not supported or replicated Kobasa’s findings it is believed that at least in terms of cognitive processes, personality and an individual’s subjective response to life situations (stressful or not) directly impact their experience of stress, and the degree to which they experience stress (fatih.edu.tr, 2014). With reference to the case study, Nick could be described as having low levels of hardiness. Although his commitment to his work seems high it is at the expense of his sense of commitment to himself (evidenced by his persistent failure to take a lunch break). In addition his feeling out of control may indicate that he has an external locus of control and finally his rigid attitude towards his work life may suggest that he might struggle with change, viewing it more as a threat and less as an opportunity. According to Kobasa et al, this could explain why he suddenly experienced chest pains (which could be either a panic attack or symptoms of a heart condition). Nick’s GP prescribed the anti-anxiety drug Benzodiazepine to help him cope with stress symptoms. Briefly explain how benzodiazapene works on the body Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a naturally occurring neurotransmitter, which inhibits neuron activity in the brain. Around 40% of the brain responds to the presence of GABA and so when an individual takes benzodiazepine which boosts the activity of GBA, they experience a general calming effect, or a slowing down of the brain. ‘It [GABA] is in some ways the bodies natural hypnotic and tranquilizer’ (benzo.org.uk, 2014). The neurons are less responsive because they have become supercharged by the presence of chloride ions which have been channelled through GABA receptors. The presence of benzodiazepine (which locates itself within the GABA receptor site) serves to increase the rate at which chloride ions flood the neuron making it less responsive to other stimuli. Discuss two advantages and two disadvantages of taking benzodiazepine to relieve stress The advantages of benzodiazepines are that they are anxiolytic (relieve anxiety) and so reduce the physiological symptoms of a wide range of panic and anxiety disorders as well as phobias. They are also hypnotic and cause sleepiness which can assist with any sleep problems that an individual may experience (insomnia, or other kinds of sleep disorders often accompany anxiety). Over a short term period then, benzodiaepines can be beneficial, especially for those who suffer from anxiety and have disturbed patterns of sleep. However they are highly addictive and so cannot be used for more than a 4 week period, therefore they are not a solution in themselves and for this reason they are rarely prescribed in isolation. Usually some kind of CBT is prescribed concurrently with a course of benzodiazepine. In addition the body quickly adjusts to the drug and higher and higher doses are required to achieve the same affect. Nicks GP also suggested that he undertakes cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) Outline the main features of CBT and discuss its usefulness in treating stress. Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) is a practical therapy which focuses on problems in the present, rather than issues from an individual’s past. The client and the CBT clinician will agree specific goals, and a strategy and timescale at the outset. There is a strong emphasis on the therapeutic relationship between the client and the clinician and the client is much more active in terms of putting the therapy into practice; the skills and techniques learnt during each session is ‘tested’ by the client in their homework. They are to experience directly through repeated practice whether or not these techniques are effective. The general underlying assumption of CBT is that maladaptive ways of thinking stem from cognitive errors which are to be challenged systematically throughout the course of the therapy. Different disorders are characterised by different cognitive errors. Because of this there is a wide variety of CBT methods available. The way in which CBT is delivered is also flexible and includes self-help (books, DVD’s and increasingly popular PC or online formats), group CBT (particularly useful with social phobias) and CBT informed specific interventions (training courses) (Graeme Whitefield, 2007). CBT is useful in treating stress because it challenges the core assumptions we make (our maladaptive thinking) that contribute or even create our experience of stress, or our interpretation of an event as stressful or not. In the above case study, Nicks belief that he requires control in the workplace, or that controlling his work environment is an achievable goal could be challenged. His homework would include different approaches to his working day such as ensuring he takes regular breaks and he would ‘see for himself’ the cognitive errors that have resulted in the maladaptive thinking that you have to be on the go all the time at work to succeed etc. Because CBT focuses on symptoms experienced in the here and now, and because stress is just such a symptom, it (CBT) is a very effective method of treating stress with a strong evidence base to support this (it is also cost effective and efficient in terms of time). Read the following case study and: Identify two life events and two daily hassles that could be causing Selina stress Selina’s mother has been diagnosed with a terminal illness, and she has recently divorced from her husband. Both these are considered significant life events according to the Social Readjustment Rating Scale (SRRS). The scale ranks divorce as the second highest source of stress with a mean value of 73, whilst the change of health of a family member comes in at 11th on the scale with a mean value of 44. In terms of daily hassles her children frequently quarrel and she encounters congestion which can sometimes make the children late for school. How, according to Holmes and Rahe, do life events cause stress and how do they effect people in the long term? The Holmes and Rahe questionnaire identifies what it considers to be significant life events in the causation of stress, and ranks them according to the associated levels of stress that they would induce. Upon completing a questionnaire, individuals who scored highly (i.e. experienced a significant number of life events within the last twelve months) are expected to be at a greater chance of suffering from stress and developing illness than those who did not. The results of their studies showed a small positive correlation meaning that life events are part of (but not wholly) the cause of illnesses (simplypsychology, 2014). The kinds of physiological effects stress can have on the body include heart disease, high blood pressure, a repressed immune system and gastric ulcers (psychology4a, 2014). Other effects include being more prone to accidents. The underlying assumption being that these life events are negative changes and that they cause us to experience stress which in turn has a n effect on our wellbeing in the long term.

Lads & Lassies

Arthur Gharakhanian Lads & Lassies (LL) ACCU-620 Brandman University Week 4, Assignment 2 November 14th, 2012 Lads & Lassies Introduction Classifying how the income statement needs to be coded for Lads & Lassies is a two step processes. I will be using the data provided in the case along with information from FASB's Accounting Standards Codification. FASB's coding system is being used to help prepare the layout and ensure proper reporting of the items listed in the case analysis. Some minor changes need to be done to the income statement format to make it presentable which will be noted in the analysis.Please reference Appendix A throughout the analysis to see how the income statement is ultimately being constructed. Analysis – 2005 When constructing the 2005 income statement for Lads & Lassies, I will be using a multi step income statement as this is the format that â€Å"includes other important revenue and expense classifications makes the income statement more useful† (Kieso, 2012). We have limited information to use for 2005, but we can still construct an income statement up to gross profit.We will adhere to FASB rule ASC 225-10-S99-2 (Regulation S-X Rule 5-03, Income Statements), which regulates the relevant items and their components which should be separately stated in the income statement and their arrangement for the presentation. This coding rule provides us the guidance on how to label and present the revenue generated by Lads & Lassies. Also included in this rule is the requirement on how to report costs and expenses associated with the applicable sales be reported separately on the income statement. Therefore we will breakout the expenses directly tied to sales on their own line item (Cost of Goods Sold).Lastly in 2005 we will calculate the gross profit, which â€Å"tells us how much money an entity would have earned if it Lads & Lassies didn’t pay any other expenses such as salary, income taxes, office supplies, utility, ren t, etc. † (Kieso, 2012). Analysis – 2006 The accounting reporting standards mentioned in the 2005 analysis still apply, however, there are additional standards that need to be applied in 2006. When constructing the income statement we will have to address the gain on sale of corporate headquarters and the class action settlement.In accordance with ASC 225-20-45-4(d), † the sale or abandonment of property used in the business is being excluded from being presented as an extra-ordinary item† (FASB, 1973). However, when the gain or loss of a building is associated with the movement of corporate headquarters, we would use ACS 225-20-45-16 (Presentation of Unusual or Infrequently Occurring Items). This rule states that â€Å"a material event or transaction that is unusual in nature or occurs infrequently but not both, shall be reported as a separate component of income from continuing operations† (FASB, 1973).Rules ASC 225-20-45-4 & ASC 225-20-45-16 also a ddress the presentation of the settlement received from the class action lawsuit. We must report the gain or loss from the class action lawsuit in other income (expense) section of the income statement. This section will follow the income and cost of goods sold sections, thereby â€Å"adding back† revenue to the gross profit to reveal a new gross profit. These transactions could be considered below the line entries and would follow indirect expenses (salaries, rent, etc. , but since those items are not present these entries will follow revenue and cost of goods sold. Conclusion Using FASB we are able to determine how to properly present Lads & Lassies income statements. The changes that accompany the growing company from 2005 to 2006 are easily Lads & Lassies recorded and presented in the income statements year over year. Being able to distinguish what is an unusual or infrequently occurring item is crucial in determining if it falls under operations or non-operating income ( loss).Although the income statement is not complete as we are missing information regarding expenses not directly tied to revenue, the income statements presented (Appendix A) are complete and prepared to code. References FASB ASC 225-20-45-2. [Predecessor literature: â€Å"Reporting the Results of Operations,† Opinions of the Accounting Principles Board No. 30 (New York: AICPA, 1973), par. 20. ] FASB ASC 225-20-45-4. [Predecessor literature: â€Å"Reporting the Results of Operations,† Opinions of the Accounting Principles Board No. 30 (New York: AICPA, 1973), par. 3, as amended by â€Å"Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-lived Assets,† Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 144 (Norwalk, Conn. : FASB, 2001). ] FASB ASC 225-20-45-16. [Predecessor literature: â€Å"Reporting the Results of Operations,† Opinions of the Accounting Principles Board No. 30 (New York: AICPA, 1973), par. 23, as amended by â€Å"Accounting for the Impairm ent or Disposal of Long-lived Assets,† Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 144 (Norwalk, Conn. : FASB, 2001). ] Kieso, D. E. , Weygandt, J. J. , & Warfield, T.D. (2012). Intermediate accounting, 14th edition binder ready version. (14 ed. ). Wiley. Appendix A | | | Lads & Lassies Income Statement| Fiscal Year Ending on January 29, 2005| (Figures in Millions)| |   |   | Revenue|   |   | Clothing| $ 70. 60 |   | Sassy Spa| $ 3. 90 |   | Total Revenue|   | $ 74. 50 | |   |   | Less: Cost of goods sold|   | $ 46. 50 | |   |   | Gross Profit|   | $ 28. 00 | | | | | | | Lads & Lassies Income Statement| Fiscal Year Ending on January 28, 2006| (Figures in Millions)| |   |   | Revenue|   |   |Clothing| $ 71. 10 |   | Sassy Spa| $ 11. 20 |   | Transaction value| $ 4. 20 |   | Total Revenue|   | $ 86. 50 | |   |   | Less: Cost of Goods Sold: Clothing| $ 46. 50 |   | Cost of Goods Sold: Sassy Spa| $ 9. 60 |   | Total Cost of Goo ds Sold|   | $ 56. 10 | |   |   | Gross Profit|   | $ 30. 40 | |   |   | Non-Operating Income|   |   | Gain (Loss) on Sale of Building| $ 1. 70 |   | Income from Law-Suit Settlement| $ 2. 70 |   | Total Non-Operating Income|   | $ 4. 40 | |   |   | Net Income|   | $ 34. 80 |

Van Gough Poet Garden vs. Monet Water Lilies

Art has been part of human lives for thousands of years. From the cave paintings to metal framework, people have gazed at arts while comparing and criticizing it. It is said that an art is representation of an artist’s lifestyle and events. Basically Artists paint on the events based on their lives. Such as Cloude Monet and Vincent Van Gough, their artwork was based on movements of Impressionism and Post Impressionism. Their interest shows outdoor environment to show effect of natural sun light or atmospheric light on day to day life scene.Claude Monet’s â€Å"Water Lilies† is the great example of outdoor paintings and Vincent Van Gogh’s â€Å"The garden of the poets† is based on two poets combining with the garden that he is referring to. Impressionist Monet was born in France while Vincent Van Gough was born in Germany. Both paintings are two dimensional and same medium Oil on Canvas is used. Water Lilies was painted in 1906 with size of 34 ? by 3 6 ? inches. Van Gough’s The Garden of Poets was painted in 1888 with size of 28 ? by 36 ? inches. Van Gough’s painting the garden of poets is based on two dimensions.The subject matter is landscape by using sunlight reflects from the leaves of the trees. Vincent Van Gough describes in his painting The Garden of poets, â€Å"a corner of garden with a weeping tree, grass, round clipped cedar shrubs and an oleander bush†¦.. There is a citron sky over everything, and also the colors have the richness and intensity of autumn†¦. † by writing a letter to his brother Theo after arriving in Arles, France. When Van Gogh took a refuge in the Yellow House and he continued to paint with quality and style.The garden of poets include a weeping tree and oleander, cypress, shrubs and bushes are colored lime green while the sky is colored citron yellow indicating at autumn season. In Monet’s water lilies, he uses alike colors green and blue. Water is colored blue while lilies are painted green. Although it does not seem real, he uses colors laid on top of each other to clarify refraction of the light and changing shades of the colors to show depth of the pond. What really separates both paintings from each other is the hidden meaning behind them.For example, when Van Gough painted the poets garden, he included the oleander to represent Boccaccio. Boccaccio was Van Gough’s younger friend and protage, the bush and the shrubs in the painting were for his other friends Donte and Petrarch. Weeping tree is the symbol for mourning or loss while the cypress symbolizes death or mortality. Even though Van Gogh included feelings for his friends and the poets he admired, the reason why he painted Garden of Poet’s was all because of Gauguin. In August of 1888, Van Gogh wrote a letter to Gauguin to come and work with him at Arles.His hopes were turned into a disappointment when Gauguin wrote back replying: â€Å"with his debts mounting by the day, his south seemed less and less probable† (Thames & Hundson, p 140, 2001). Van Gogh began to think that Gauguin would never want to come to Arles thus he became more frustrated with his life. While residing at Yellow House at Arles, Van Gogh said â€Å"If what one is doing gives a glimpse into infinity, and if one sees that one’s work has its own raison d’etre and continues beyond, then one works more serenely† ( Thames & Hudson, p 142, 2001).Van Gogh had a suspicion that Gauguin had postponed his trip to Arles was because of debt or the fact the he hated Arles but rather he had another goal in mind. With this suspicion, Van Gogh began painting the Garden of Poets. He represented his disappointment regarding Gauguin letter by weeping tree along with cypress. Van Gough painted based on his feelings while Monet painted random series of Water Lilies. Basically Monet did not have any hidden meanings behind Water Lilies.After acquiring ownership in Give rny, Monet decided to build Japanease Style Bridge over a pond and had the idea of painting water lilies where it is a random series of artwork unlike Van Gough. Another contrast between Water Lilies and The Poet’s Garden is the use of the colors. In Monet’s Water Lilies, he uses cool colors to paint water and the shadow of the skies in the water with source of sunlight and atmospheric light reflections. In Poets of Garden, green and yellow are the major colors used and the source of light is also sunlight and he uses warm colors for the skies to show the autumn season.Autumn season represents Van Gogh’s feeling towards the painting, Sadness and loss. Monet is only interested on Impressionist movement showing the effect of sunlight on outdoor objects. He does not show any feelings or hidden meanings behind his series of Water Lilies except for wealth and ownership. He paints to represent impression of objects similar to photography. â€Å"In 1893, a few years a fter acquiring ownership of the property at Giverny, Monet purchased a small pond fed by the river Ru, which he embellished as a water garden.Branches of weeping willow and silver birch hang over the water, grasses grew along undulating banks and the pond itself was planted with varieties of water lily†¦.. ’something for amusement and for the pleasure of the eyes’, Monet said. ‘It took me some time to understand my water lilies. I planted them for pleasure, I cultivated them without thinking of painting them. †(Judith Bumpus, p 37, 1991). Monet uses arc of the Japanease bridge as a frame to show different perspective of the pond as he observes it by changing light and weather. The water surface he draws has a reflective quality on the sea and rivers that had always intrigued him.He paints water as a still surface, mirror-like transparent. By viewing this painting it seems like we are standing on the edge of the water, where reflection of the atmospheri c light and trees are seen. The most visible difference between Water Lilies and The Poet’s Garden is that Monet uses impressionist mechanism to make his painting look like photography. Van Gogh on the other side uses more artistic formal style to finish his artwork. Both impressionist and post impressionist have similar point of view to describe their art work. By comparing two paintings the elements of arts are almost same.Both artists are using sun light as a light source. Van Gogh uses landscape as a subject matter and warm colors to show skies of autumn which he compares with his yellow house and long linear green grass. Monet uses cool colors to show water and light colors to show reflection. The mass of the water lilies are light, the trees in Van Gogh’s painting are heavy. The weight on the water lilies is not equally balanced; more water lilies are shown on the upper right corner than lower left corner. Lines are organic, curved, thin and soft edged in water l ilies. In the Garden of Poets, lines are organic curved, soft edged and light.The shapes are organic, actual, simple and regular in both paintings. The tones of colors are subtle, colors of paintings are realistic and both secondary and tertiary colors are used. The values of lightness are mid-range, high contrast value in Garden of Poets and chiaroscuro in water lilies are seen by viewing in atmospheric light. Monet uses colors in impressionist perspective to show shadow of the clouds. â€Å"his easel and canvases at the water’s edge he could study the play of natural colours and textures among the floating plants and among the fall and forth of overhanging trees†¦.Monet’s continuing concern with colour harmonies prompted as strongly emotive response. Foliage and flowers, seen in magical, silvery light, are transformed in glittering greens, blues, pinks and yellows. † (Bumpus, p 37, 1991) In water lilies, Monet plays with colors to show the effect of light , shadows and to show depth of the pond. He uses cool colors such as blue and pink Mass of the objects seem real, actual and light weight in water lilies, both paintings are two dimensional.The space is shallow in both paintings, Monet and Van Gogh are not interested in showing illusion in these paintings but they are painted in atmospheric and aerial perspective. Both artists use colors to show the effect of the seasons. Monet uses day light in high contrasting values. â€Å"he paints before the shadows disappear† according to A day in the country that Monet paints by using timing and he actually uses different day times to show the difference between lightness and darkness. Both painters are not interested in showing illusions. Monet shows the realistic point of view, Van Gogh on the other side uses artistic point of view. It becomes clear that the garden was really dedicated to Paul Gaugin, whose arrival he awaited and whom he expected to be ‘the new local poetâ€⠄¢. In his imagination this perfectly ordinary garden has been endowed with intensely personal and symbolic meaning. † (Bupmpus, p 39, 1991) Van Gogh shows personal intensity for Gauguin’s arrival. Monet on the other side uses his techniques to show impressionism, he uses paintings in circles and squares to try out different shadings of colors to show dusk and dawn timings in light to dark lights in his water lilies.Water Lilies is Monet’s experimental paintings â€Å"the subsequent twenty are much more experimental.. Only three continue the horizontal format. The others are square, circular, or vertical, suggesting monet was testing all of his options(Pls. 221-224). The vertical panels are more venturesome†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ these vertical scenes are sliced down the middle by a meandering trail of sky. † (Tucker, p 194, 1995) An art is representation of an artist’s lifestyle and events. Van Gogh painted The Garden of Poet’s with very deep passion and emotions.This painting was all about mourning, sorrow, sadness, hopes and dreams. Van Gogh dreamed of working with Gauguin for a while and had hoped that one day he would show up to his Yellow House and work with him. Monet on the other hand was intrigued with impression with outside world and how he viewed them. Even though these two famous artists lived very different life style, they both loved art and wanted to express and share their thought with outside world. They both conveyed their message through color, shades, brushstroke and transformed a mere art into a priceless piece.